An Absolute Risk Model for Breast Cancer improved risk Asses
Breast Cancer
Breast cancer remains one of the most significant health concerns for women worldwide. Traditional risk assessments often do not capture the full complexity of genetic predisposition, personal history, and lifestyle factors. Consequently, many women are left without a clear understanding of their individual breast cancer risk. An accurate, personalized risk model can help address this gap, providing better guidance for clinical decision-making and early interventions.
The multifactorial nature of Breast Cancer
The development of breast cancer is not a simple, linear process. Rather, it is a multifactorial condition influenced by an intricate interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. This multifaceted nature underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to risk assessment and prevention.
How? Introducing an Innovative Risk Assessment Model
In response to this need, we have developed an absolute risk model that integrates both genetic and non-genetic factors to estimate each woman’s likelihood of developing breast cancer. This comprehensive approach combines high-quality data on:
Clinical and Family History
- Family and personal history of breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancer
- Age details for unaffected family members
- Mammographic density
Genetic Factors
- Monogenic Risk (moderate- and high-risk genes)
- Polygenic Risk
Reproductive and Hormonal Factors
- Age of menarche
- Parity and age at first live birth
- Use of oral contraception
- Use of menopausal hormone therapy
Lifestyle and Demographic Factors
- Body mass index (BMI)
- Daily alcohol intake
- Year of birth (capturing birth cohort)
- Height
By incorporating these diverse elements, the model moves beyond traditional, one-size-fits-all assessments and provides a clearer picture of an individual’s absolute risk.
The Final Results: Tailored Risk Estimates
The model synthesizes these variables to generate a personalized estimate of breast cancer risk. Patients and healthcare providers receive a clear, quantitative assessment that can be used to:
- Identify individuals at higher risk who may benefit from more frequent screening
- Guide decisions on preventive measures, such as chemoprevention or prophylactic surgery
- Support informed conversations about lifestyle modifications, including weight management and alcohol reduction
- Tailor clinical follow-up to the patient’s specific risk level
The Goal: Benefits for Patients
This personalized approach offers women the opportunity to plan proactively, aligning medical recommendations with their individual risk profile. They can make well-informed decisions about screening intervals, genetic counseling, and potential interventions, ultimately improving early detection and outcomes. By understanding and addressing each person’s unique risk factors, the model empowers patients to take a more active role in their healthcare.
Who Will Benefit? Target Audience
Clinicians and Genetic Counselors
Can use the model to identify patients at increased risk and discuss suitable preventive strategies.
Women at Moderate or High Risk
Gain clarity on their personal risk, enabling better decisions about surveillance and lifestyle.
Healthcare Systems
Benefit from a more targeted allocation of resources, directing additional support to those who need it most.